Form refers to the three-dimensionality of an object. One must keep in mind that form is best accentuated with the use of side lighting (either natural sunlight or artificial light [studio equipment]) because it creates contrast between the light and dark areas of the photograph. In doing so, one creates depth to the object and thus promotes its three-dimensionality.
Obviously, if the direction of light that hits the object changes, then so does the way the object is perceived. This is due to the way the light would hit the object and the certain kinds of shadows it would create in doing so. For instance, if one were to take a photograph of somebody at the beach who would not be facing the sun (meaning that the light is coming from behind the subject), then one would achieve a silhouette. Since silhouettes are two-dimensional and not three-dimensional, they lack form, however should one decide to take the same image but in black and white, because there would be an absence of colour, then form would seem to flourish more.
It is all about the way that the light hits our three-dimensional object. Whether from above (creating depth) or from the side (creating a dramatic feel). Form is an important formal element in photography nonetheless.
References:
Berdan, R, 2004, "Composition and the Elements of Visual Design" [online] Available at: http://photoinf.com/General/Robert_Berdan/Composition_and_the_Elements_of_Visual_Design.htm
[Accessed - 3rd January, 2014]
http://photography.tutsplus.com/tutorials/6-elements-of-design-for-striking-photographs--photo-2574
[Accessed - 3rd January, 2014]
James, T, (n.d), "7 Basic Elements of Photography" [online] Available at: http://www.ehow.com/info_10026945_7-basic-elements-photography.html
[Accessed - 3rd January, 2014]
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